/usr有4.1G,根目录用了9.1G，/home 和/var都在单独的分区上，正常么？

zhou3345 · 发表于 2009-6-3 07:24:52

备份我用stage4，从gentoo-wiki上copy下来的：

#!/bin/bash
# Backup script for Gentoo Linux
#
# mkstage4.sh is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
#
# mkstage4.sh is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# Copyright: Reto Glauser aka blinkeye
# Mailto: stage4 at blinkeye dot ch
# Homepage: http://blinkeye.ch
# Forum post: http://forums.gentoo.org/viewtopic-t-312817.html
# Date: 2009-04-02
version=v3.7
basename=`basename $0`
find=/usr/bin/find
tar=/bin/tar
# these are the commands we actually need for the backup
command_list=(cut date echo $find grep hostname mount sh split $tar umount uname which)
# verify that each command we use exists. if one can't be found use $PATH and make a suggestion if possible.
for command in ${command_list[@]}; do
if [ ! -x "`which $command 2>&1`" ]; then
echo -e "\nERROR: $command not found! "
base=`basename $command`
if [ "`which $base 2>&1 | grep "no \`basename $command\` in"`" != "" ]; then
echo -e "ERROR: $base is not in your \$PATH."
fi
exit -1
fi
done
help="\nUsage:\n\nsh `basename $0` [[-v]|[--verbose]] [[-s]|[--split]] \n\nTo run the script NOT in verbose mode comes in handy if you want to see only the errors that occur during the backup.\n"
# Defaults to creating one tarball
tar_output="--file"
# split command
split_options="--suffix-length=1 --bytes=685m"
# options for the tar command
tarOptions=" --preserve-permissions --create --absolute-names --totals --ignore-failed-read"
# where to put the stage4
stage4Location=/mnt/backups/stage4
# name prefix
stage4prefix=`hostname`-stage4-`date +\%Y.\%m.\%d`
# patterns which should not be backed up (like iso files).
# example: default_exclude_pattern="*.iso *.divx"
# These pattern count only for files NOT listed in the $custom_include_list.
default_exclude_pattern=""
# these files/directories are always excluded. don't add trailing slashes.
# don't touch it unless you know what you are doing!
# /var/db and /var/cache/edb are intentionally added here. they are listed
# in $default_include_folders
default_exclude_list="
/dev
/lost+found
/mnt
/proc
/sys
/tmp
/usr/portage
/usr/src
/var/log
/var/tmp
/var/db
/var/cache/edb
$stage4Location
`echo $CCACHE_DIR`"
# files/devices/folders, which need to be backed up (preserve folder structure).
# don't touch it unless you know what you are doing! no recursive backup of folders.
# use $default_include_folders instead.
default_include_files="
/dev/null
/dev/console
/home
/mnt
`find /mnt -name .keep`
/proc
/sys
/tmp
/usr/portage
/usr/src
/var/log/emerge.log
/usr/src/linux-`uname -r`/.config"
# folders, which need to be backed up recursively on every backup.
# don't touch it unless you know what you are doing! the reason for this
# variable is that some users add /var to the $default_exclude_list. here
# we ensure that portage's memory is backed up in any case.
default_include_folders="
/var/db"
# IMPORTANT: A minimal backup will EXCLUDE files/folders listed here. A custom backup will
# include/exclude these files/folders depening on your answer.
custom_include_list="
/home/*
/usr/src/linux-`uname -r`"
# add files/folders here which are subfolders of a folder listed in $custom_include_list which should NOT
# be backed up. eg.
#custom_exclude_list="/home/foo/mp3 /home/foo/downloads /home/foo/.*"
custom_exclude_list=""
# Only files/folders within the $custom_include_list are checked against these patterns
# custom_exclude_pattern="*.mp3 *.iso"
custom_exclude_pattern=""
# the find_command
find_command="$find /*"
# don't backup anything which matches pattern listed in $default_exclude_pattern
for pattern in $default_exclude_pattern; do
find_command="$find_command -not -name $pattern"
done
# assemble the find_command
function find_files()
{
for folder in $default_exclude_list; do
find_command="$find_command -path $folder -prune -o"
done
find_command="$find_command -print"
for i in $default_include_files; do
find_command="echo $i; $find_command"
done
for i in $default_include_folders; do
if [ -d $i ]; then
find_command="$find $i; $find_command"
else
find_command="echo $i; $find_command"
fi
done
}
# check the exclude/include variables for non-existing entries
function verify()
{
for i in $1; do
if [ ! -e "`echo "$i" | cut -d'=' -f2 | cut -d'*' -f1`" -a "$i" != "/lost+found" -a "$i" != "$stage4Location" ]; then
echo "ERROR: `echo "$i" | cut -d'=' -f2` not found! Check your "$2
exit 0
fi
done
}
# check input parameters
while [ $1 ]; do
case $1 in
"-h" | "--help")
echo -e $help
exit 0;;
"-v" | "--verbose")
verbose=$1;;
"-s" | "--split")
tar_output="--split";;
"");;
*)
echo -e $help
exit 0;;
esac
shift
done
echo ""
# check folder/files listed in $default_exclude_list exist
verify "$default_exclude_list" "\$default_exclude_list"
# check files listed in $default_include_files exist
verify "$default_include_files" "\$default_include_files"
# check folder listed in $default_include_folders exist
verify "$default_include_folders" "\$default_include_folders"
#check folder listed in $custom_include_list exist
verify "$custom_include_list" "\$custom_include_list"
#check folder listed in $custom_exclude_list exist
verify "$custom_exclude_list" "\$custom_exclude_list"
# print out the version
echo -e "\nBackup script $version"
echo -e "=================="
# how do you want to backup?
echo -e "\nWhat do you want to do? (Use CONTROL-C to abort)\n
Fast (tar.gz):
(1) Minimal backup
(2) Interactive backup
Best (tar.lzma):
(3) Minimal backup
(4) Interactive backup\n"
while [ "$option" != '1' -a "$option" != '2' -a "$option" != '3' -a "$option" != '4' ]; do
echo -en "Please enter your option: "
read option
done
case $option in
[1,3])
stage4Name=$stage4Location/$stage4prefix-minimal.tar;;
[2,4])
stage4Name=$stage4Location/$stage4prefix-custom.tar
for folder in $custom_include_list; do
echo -en "\nDo you want to backup" `echo "$folder" | cut -d'=' -f2`"? (y/n) "
read answer
while [ "$answer" != 'y' -a "$answer" != 'n' ]; do
echo -en "Do you want to backup" `echo "$folder" | cut -d'=' -f2`"? (y/n) "
read answer
done
if [ "$answer" == 'n' ]; then
find_command="$find_command -path $folder -prune -o"
else
custom_find="$find $folder"
for i in $custom_exclude_pattern; do
custom_find="$custom_find -name $i -o"
done
for i in $custom_exclude_list; do
custom_find="$custom_find -path $i -prune -o"
done
find_command="$custom_find -print; $find_command"
fi
done ;;
esac
# add $custom_include_list to the $default_exclude_list as we assembled
# $custom_find with $custom_include_list already.
default_exclude_list="$default_exclude_list $custom_include_list"
case $option in
[1,2])
stage4postfix="gz"
zip="--gzip";;
[3,4])
stage4postfix="lzma"
zip="--lzma";;
esac
# mount boot
echo -e "\n* mounting boot"
mount /boot >/dev/null 2>&1
# find the files/folder to backup
find_files
find_command="($find_command)"
# create the final command
if [ "$tar_output" == "--file" ]; then
tar_command="$find_command | $tar $zip $tarOptions $verbose --file $stage4Name.$stage4postfix --no-recursion -T -"
else
tar_command="$find_command | $tar $zip $tarOptions $verbose --no-recursion -T - | split $split_options - "$stage4Name.$stage4postfix"_"
fi
if [ "$verbose" ]; then
echo -e "\n* creating the stage4 in $stage4Location with the following command:\n\n"$tar_command
fi
# everything is set, are you sure to continue?
echo -ne "\nDo you want to continue? (y/n) "
read answer
while [ "$answer" != 'y' ] && [ "$answer" != 'n' ]; do
echo -ne "Do you want to continue? (y/n) "
read answer
done
if [ "$answer" == 'y' ]; then
# check whether the file already exists.
if [ "$tar_output" == "--split" ]; then
overwrite="`ls "$stage4Name.$stage4postfix"_* 2>&1 | grep -v 'No such file'`"
else
overwrite="$stage4Name.$stage4postfix"
fi
if [ -a "`echo "$overwrite" | grep "$overwrite" -m1`" ]; then
echo -en "\nDo you want to overwrite $overwrite? (y/n) "
read answer
while [ "$answer" != 'y' ] && [ "$answer" != 'n' ]; do
echo -en "Do you want to overwrite $overwrite? (y/n) "
read answer
done
if [ "$answer" == 'n' ]; then
echo -e "\n* There's nothing to do ... Exiting"
exit 0;
fi
fi
# if necessary, create the stage4Location
if [ ! -d "$stage4Location" ] ; then
echo "* creating directory $stage4Location"
mkdir -p $stage4Location
fi
echo -e "\n* Please wait while the stage4 is being created.\n"
# do the backup.
sh -c "$tar_command"
# finished, clean up
echo -e "\n* stage4 is done"
echo "* umounting boot"
umount /boot >/dev/null 2>&1
# Integrity check
echo -e "* Checking integrity"
if [ "$zip" == "--gzip" ]; then
zip="gzip"
else
zip="lzma"
fi
if [ "$tar_output" == "--split" ]; then
if [ "`cat "$stage4Name.$stage4postfix"_*"" | $zip --test 2>&1`" != "" ]; then
echo -e "* Integrity check failed. Re-run the script and check your hardware."
exit -1
fi
else
if [ "`$zip --test $stage4Name.$stage4postfix 2>&1`" != "" ]; then
echo -e "* Integrity check failed. Re-run the script and check your hardware."
exit -1
fi
fi
# everything went smoothly
echo -e "* Everything went smoothly. You successfully created a stage4."
else
echo -e "\n* There's nothing to do ... Exiting"
fi

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/usr有4.1G,根目录用了9.1G，/home 和/var都在单独的分区上，正常么？

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